| Stations: |
Precipitation |
| Zumarraga (420 m, Spain) |
0.3 mm |
| Zumaia (28 m, Spain) |
0.1 mm |
| Zhukovka (177 m, Russia) |
2.0 mm |
| Zeebrugge (9 m, Belgium) |
0.2 mm |
| ZavodskiyKhutor (201 m, Russia) |
2.8 mm |
| Zurich-Kloten (432 m, Switzerland) |
0.1 mm |
| Ylivieska Airport (76 m, Finland) |
7.0 mm |
| Ylistaro (26 m, Finland) |
6.5 mm |
| Ylinenjarvi (132 m, Sweden) |
6.5 mm |
| Yefimovsky (176 m, Russia) |
15.6 mm |
| YamskayaSloboda (63 m, Russia) |
14.4 mm |
| Xinzo de Limia (616 m, Spain) |
10.0 mm |
| Xàbia (15 m, Spain) |
1.2 mm |
| Wynau (416 m, Switzerland) |
1.1 mm |
| Vyborg (13 m, Russia) |
13.7 mm |
| Wrangel Island (5 m, Russian Feder.) |
0.5 mm |
| Vyazma (251 m, Russia) |
1.4 mm |
| Vitebsk (208 m, Belarus) |
7.6 mm |
| Wijk aan Zee (10 m, Netherlands) |
0.1 mm |
| Vienna Intl. Airport (190 m, Austria) |
0.1 mm |
| Wick (39 m, UK) |
10.8 mm |
| Verkhnyadzvinsk (132 m, Belarus) |
7.8 mm |
| Velizh (166 m, Russia) |
10.1 mm |
| Velikiye Luki (106 m, Russia) |
6.5 mm |
| Weissfluhjoch (2601 m, Switzerland) |
0.2 mm |
| Weinbiet (553 m, Germany) |
0.1 mm |
| Weihenstephan-Dürnast (477 m, Germany) |
0.2 mm |
| Weißenburg (439 m, Germany) |
0.3 mm |
| Wasserkuppe (921 m, Germany) |
0.4 mm |
| Warnemünde (4 m, Germany) |
0.1 mm |
| Waren (72 m, Germany) |
0.1 mm |
| Warcop Range (227 m, UK) |
20.6 mm |
| Valuyki (112 m, Russia) |
0.9 mm |
| Walney (14 m, UK) |
60.0 mm |
| Valaam (16 m, Russia) |
13.3 mm |
| Waibstadt (236 m, Germany) |
0.1 mm |
| Wädenswil (481 m, Switzerland) |
0.1 mm |
| Voorschoten (0 m, Netherlands) |
0.2 mm |
| Vojens Airport (47 m, Denmark) |
0.2 mm |
| Vitoria-Gasteiz (510 m, Spain) |
0.4 mm |
| Viterbo (308 m, Italy) |
0.2 mm |
| Visingsö (95 m, Sweden) |
2.1 mm |
| Viseu Airport (644 m, Portugal) |
15.0 mm |
| Visby (47 m, Sweden) |
4.4 mm |
| Virtsu (3 m, Estonia) |
7.5 mm |
| Virolahti (6 m, Finland) |
18.4 mm |
| Vinnitsy-Kalekhovskaya (111 m, Russia) |
8.1 mm |
| Vinga Lighthouse (19 m, Sweden) |
7.0 mm |
| Vindebaek Kyst (5 m, Denmark) |
0.1 mm |
| Vilsandi (7 m, Estonia) |
8.0 mm |
| Vilnius Airport (156 m, Lithuania) |
5.2 mm |
| Villardeciervos (850 m, Spain) |
5.2 mm |
| Viljandi (87 m, Estonia) |
9.8 mm |
| Vila Real Airport (550 m, Portugal) |
4.0 mm |
| Viitasaari (132 m, Finland) |
6.6 mm |
| Vigna Di Valle (266 m, Italy) |
2.0 mm |
| Vierema Kaarakkala (207 m, Finland) |
11.1 mm |
| Vidsel (182 m, Sweden) |
8.0 mm |
| Viana do Castelo (48 m, Portugal) |
38.0 mm |
| Vestmannaeyjar (124 m, Iceland) |
5.0 mm |
| Vesanto (127 m, Finland) |
9.3 mm |
| Vastmarkum (143 m, Sweden) |
4.0 mm |
| Varkaus (83 m, Finland) |
7.1 mm |
| Vankarem (5 m, Russian Feder.) |
0.5 mm |
| Vanhakaupunki (25 m, Finland) |
9.2 mm |
| Valtimo (115 m, Finland) |
8.5 mm |
| Valley (10 m, UK) |
77.0 mm |
| Valladolid Airport (846 m, Spain) |
0.4 mm |
| Valladolid (735 m, Spain) |
0.6 mm |
| Valga (66 m, Estonia) |
10.3 mm |
| Valentia (24 m, Ireland) |
30.0 mm |
| Valencia de Alcántara (445 m, Spain) |
1.0 mm |
| Vajda-guba (8 m, Russia) |
12.7 mm |
| Vaasa Klemettila (7 m, Finland) |
8.6 mm |
| Vaala Pelso (115 m, Finland) |
6.0 mm |
| Võru (83 m, Estonia) |
6.2 mm |
| Växjö (200 m, Sweden) |
8.3 mm |
| Väike-Maarja Parish (123 m, Estonia) |
4.8 mm |
| Utena (106 m, Lithuania) |
7.2 mm |
| Utö (7 m, Finland) |
15.0 mm |
| Ustica (251 m, Italy) |
0.4 mm |
| Uppsala (21 m, Sweden) |
8.0 mm |
| Umba (39 m, Russia) |
20.5 mm |
| Ulrichstein (350 m, Germany) |
0.1 mm |
| Ullared (122 m, Sweden) |
21.6 mm |
| Ukmergė (73 m, Lithuania) |
4.4 mm |
| Uccle (104 m, Belgium) |
0.2 mm |
| Uelen (3 m, Russian Feder.) |
1.1 mm |
| Tysofte (12 m, Denmark) |
1.1 mm |
| Tymbou (119 m, Cyprus) |
1.1 mm |
| Tylstrup (13 m, Denmark) |
7.2 mm |
| Tver (146 m, Russia) |
3.7 mm |
| Twente (35 m, Netherlands) |
0.1 mm |
| Turku Artukainen (8 m, Finland) |
10.1 mm |
| Tunis/Carthage AP (4 m, Tunisia) |
4.0 mm |
| Tunceli (981 m, Turkey) |
17.0 mm |
| Tulloch Bridge (236 m, UK) |
24.0 mm |
| Tulga Meydan (931 m, Turkey) |
2.8 mm |
| Tula (203 m, Russia) |
1.2 mm |
| Trubchevsk (178 m, Russia) |
2.0 mm |
| Trollenhagen (69 m, Germany) |
0.1 mm |
| Trawscoed (62 m, UK) |
26.4 mm |
| Trappes (168 m, France) |
0.2 mm |
| Trapani (14 m, Italy) |
18.2 mm |
| Trabzon (34 m, Turkey) |
0.6 mm |
| Toruń (72 m, Poland) |
0.2 mm |
| Torpup (135 m, Sweden) |
13.0 mm |
| Torpshammar (100 m, Sweden) |
5.0 mm |
| Toropets (187 m, Russia) |
9.0 mm |
| Tornio (8 m, Finland) |
9.1 mm |
| Topcliffe (28 m, UK) |
8.6 mm |
| Tomtabacken (356 m, Sweden) |
9.9 mm |
| Tokat (608 m, Turkey) |
3.0 mm |
| Toholampi (85 m, Finland) |
8.8 mm |
| Tohmajärvi (90 m, Finland) |
8.2 mm |
| Tjakaape (583 m, Sweden) |
8.5 mm |
| Tiree Island (12 m, UK) |
21.4 mm |
| Tikhvin (61 m, Russia) |
19.1 mm |
| Thorney Island (3 m, UK) |
3.2 mm |
| Thorncliffe (298 m, UK) |
24.0 mm |
| Thomastown (72 m, UK) |
14.6 mm |
| Tesseboelle (22 m, Denmark) |
0.4 mm |
| Teriberka (30 m, Russia) |
3.7 mm |
| Tenerife - Los Rodeos (617 m, Spain) |
1.0 mm |
| Telšiai (152 m, Lithuania) |
13.4 mm |
| Tasiilaq (52 m, Greenland) |
0.2 mm |
| Tartu (68 m, Estonia) |
9.4 mm |
| Tarifa (37 m, Spain) |
0.4 mm |
| Tapiola (7 m, Finland) |
11.2 mm |
| Tampere (85 m, Finland) |
7.6 mm |
| Tallinn (34 m, Estonia) |
12.1 mm |
| Taivalkoski (203 m, Finland) |
8.1 mm |
| Türi (65 m, Estonia) |
8.3 mm |
| Tännäs (724 m, Sweden) |
5.7 mm |
| Syanno (176 m, Belarus) |
7.3 mm |
| Svitlovodsk (84 m, Ukraine) |
0.3 mm |
| Svenska Högarna (14 m, Sweden) |
2.0 mm |
| Sveg (359 m, Sweden) |
1.7 mm |
| Svartbyn (62 m, Sweden) |
7.0 mm |
| Svanberga (16 m, Sweden) |
5.0 mm |
| Suwałki (186 m, Poland) |
2.8 mm |
| Suomussalmi Pesio (225 m, Finland) |
12.1 mm |
| Suoyarvi (156 m, Russia) |
12.3 mm |
| Sunne (109 m, Sweden) |
3.3 mm |
| Sukhinichi (238 m, Russia) |
0.4 mm |
| Straubing (350 m, Germany) |
0.2 mm |
| Strathallan (35 m, UK) |
22.2 mm |
| Strasbourg/Entzheim (153 m, France) |
0.4 mm |
| Storon (4 m, Sweden) |
6.6 mm |
| Stornoway (15 m, UK) |
40.8 mm |
| Storlien (585 m, Sweden) |
7.3 mm |
| Stora Spansberget (493 m, Sweden) |
2.5 mm |
| Stende (81 m, Latvia) |
7.6 mm |
| Stavoren (3 m, Netherlands) |
0.4 mm |
| Staritsa (186 m, Russia) |
2.5 mm |
| Staraya Russa (25 m, Russia) |
11.0 mm |
| St James's Park (5 m, UK) |
1.0 mm |
| St. Gallen (791 m, Switzerland) |
0.2 mm |
| St Cruz / La Palma (31 m, Spain) |
1.0 mm |
| St. Catherine's Point (24 m, UK) |
2.0 mm |
| St Bees Head (123 m, UK) |
91.0 mm |
| St Athan (49 m, UK) |
32.2 mm |
| Spas-Demensk (238 m, Russia) |
4.4 mm |
| Spadeadam II (286 m, UK) |
51.0 mm |
| South Uist Range (4 m, UK) |
22.4 mm |
| Sotkamo (163 m, Finland) |
7.2 mm |
| Sos del Rey Católico (626 m, Spain) |
1.0 mm |
| Sortavala (19 m, Russia) |
15.0 mm |
| Somero Salkola (143 m, Finland) |
14.1 mm |
| Soltau (75 m, Germany) |
0.1 mm |
| Solenzara (22 m, France) |
0.2 mm |
| Sodankyla Vuotso (247 m, Finland) |
12.1 mm |
| Sodankyla Lokka (243 m, Finland) |
8.8 mm |
| Sodankylä (179 m, Finland) |
11.8 mm |
| Smolensk (239 m, Russia) |
7.0 mm |
| Slawharad (169 m, Belarus) |
2.0 mm |
| Skulte (9 m, Latvia) |
7.2 mm |
| Skrīveri (81 m, Latvia) |
22.0 mm |
| Skillinge (5 m, Sweden) |
1.0 mm |
| Skagsudde (11 m, Sweden) |
3.0 mm |
| Skagen (5 m, Denmark) |
2.8 mm |
| Siversky (90 m, Russia) |
10.0 mm |
| Sitia Airport (28 m, Greece) |
3.0 mm |
| Sines/Montes Chaos (98 m, Portugal) |
0.7 mm |
| Silstrup (41 m, Denmark) |
5.3 mm |
| Silifke (15 m, Turkey) |
0.4 mm |
| Siirt (896 m, Turkey) |
0.4 mm |
| Sigüenza (5 m, Spain) |
0.4 mm |
| Shobdon (99 m, UK) |
36.8 mm |
| Shirki (148 m, Russia) |
0.5 mm |
| Sherkin (21 m, Ireland) |
54.9 mm |
| Shawbury (72 m, UK) |
20.0 mm |
| Sharkawshchyna (131 m, Belarus) |
8.3 mm |
| Shap (249 m, UK) |
117.0 mm |
| Shannon Airport (20 m, Ireland) |
19.0 mm |
| Sennybridge (307 m, UK) |
50.0 mm |
| Hellissandur longwave radio mast (7 m, Iceland) |
0.2 mm |
| Segezha (112 m, Russia) |
10.2 mm |
| Seehausen (21 m, Germany) |
0.2 mm |
| Scilly St Mary (30 m, UK) |
18.0 mm |
| Shlisselburg (16 m, Russia) |
10.4 mm |
| Scampton (62 m, UK) |
0.2 mm |
| Satenas (54 m, Sweden) |
2.6 mm |
| Zaragoza (258 m, Spain) |
1.0 mm |
| Santiago (367 m, Spain) |
28.0 mm |
| Santiago de Compostela (240 m, Spain) |
34.0 mm |
| Santander / Parayas (1 m, Spain) |
0.1 mm |
| Santa Cruz de Tenerife (36 m, Spain) |
1.6 mm |
| Sandomierz (218 m, Poland) |
0.1 mm |
| San Vicente (40 m, Spain) |
0.6 mm |
| San Sebastian / Fuenterrabia (8 m, Spain) |
0.2 mm |
| San Javier (3 m, Spain) |
6.0 mm |
| Samsun (0 m, Turkey) |
8.0 mm |
| Salon-de-Provence (60 m, France) |
0.4 mm |
| Salo (3 m, Finland) |
9.9 mm |
| Salla Varriotunturi (370 m, Finland) |
13.1 mm |
| Salla Naruska (222 m, Finland) |
17.0 mm |
| Salla Kk Paloasema (222 m, Finland) |
12.0 mm |
| Salamanca (787 m, Spain) |
0.1 mm |
| Sala (58 m, Sweden) |
5.0 mm |
| Saittarova (240 m, Sweden) |
10.1 mm |
| Sainte-Adresse (103 m, France) |
0.2 mm |
| Saint-Yan (242 m, France) |
0.6 mm |
| Saint-Sauveur (32 m, France) |
0.8 mm |
| Saint-Quentin (101 m, France) |
0.6 mm |
| Saint-Nazaire (3 m, France) |
2.6 mm |
| Saint-Brieuc Armor (138 m, France) |
1.2 mm |
| Saariselkä (320 m, Finland) |
3.0 mm |
| Saarbrücken/Ensheim (320 m, Germany) |
0.1 mm |
| SERRALTA DI S. VITO (998 m, Italy) |
2.0 mm |
| Sõrve peninsula (4 m, Estonia) |
11.5 mm |
| Sète (80 m, France) |
1.0 mm |
| Säntis (2500 m, Switzerland) |
2.0 mm |
| Słubice (24 m, Poland) |
1.0 mm |
| Ruukki (48 m, Finland) |
6.8 mm |
| Ruhnu (3 m, Estonia) |
12.3 mm |
| Rovaniemi (201 m, Finland) |
9.1 mm |
| Rovaniemen mlk Apukka (106 m, Finland) |
8.2 mm |
| Rouen/Boos (156 m, France) |
1.0 mm |
| Rotterdam The Hague Airport (Netherlands) |
0.2 mm |
| Rothamsted Park (128 m, UK) |
1.2 mm |
| Rostherne (35 m, UK) |
16.0 mm |
| Rosnaes Cape (16 m, Denmark) |
1.1 mm |
| Roslavl (224 m, Russia) |
3.0 mm |
| Ronneby (58 m, Sweden) |
0.3 mm |
| Fiumicino Airport (3 m, Italy) |
4.0 mm |
| Ritsem (533 m, Sweden) |
4.2 mm |
| Ristna (9 m, Estonia) |
11.2 mm |
| Rijeka (125 m, Croatia) |
0.2 mm |
| Rhyl (77 m, UK) |
14.0 mm |
| Rhodes/Paradissi (11 m, Greece) |
1.3 mm |
| Reykjavík (53 m, Iceland) |
1.9 mm |
| Resko (53 m, Poland) |
0.7 mm |
| Reboly (182 m, Russia) |
6.6 mm |
| Rensjon (493 m, Sweden) |
19.0 mm |
| Reims - Prunay Aerodrome (96 m, France) |
0.4 mm |
| Reggio Calabria (21 m, Italy) |
9.0 mm |
| Redesdale Camp (212 m, UK) |
28.0 mm |
| Reckenholz (444 m, Switzerland) |
0.1 mm |
| Raznavolok Cape (9 m, Russia) |
9.3 mm |
| Rautavaara Yla-luosta (167 m, Finland) |
11.4 mm |
| Raufarhöfn (8 m, Iceland) |
4.1 mm |
| Ranua (161 m, Finland) |
11.5 mm |
| Rankki (12 m, Finland) |
11.2 mm |
| Rajamäki (86 m, Finland) |
13.1 mm |
| Raf Mona (62 m, UK) |
74.2 mm |
| RNAS Culdrose (84 m, UK) |
29.0 mm |
| RM Chivenor (6 m, UK) |
25.2 mm |
| RAF West Freugh (10 m, UK) |
47.2 mm |
| Tain Air Weapons Range (4 m, UK) |
6.2 mm |
| RAF Odiham (118 m, UK) |
3.2 mm |
| RAF Lyneham (156 m, UK) |
6.4 mm |
| RAF Little Rissington (210 m, UK) |
5.2 mm |
| RAF Brize Norton (88 m, UK) |
4.2 mm |
| Rünenberg (610 m, Switzerland) |
1.0 mm |
| Rödkallen (2 m, Sweden) |
9.0 mm |
| Rångedala (299 m, Sweden) |
18.1 mm |
| Quimper (94 m, France) |
6.0 mm |
| Pyhajarvi Ol Ojakyla (153 m, Finland) |
11.3 mm |
| Pyalitsa (9 m, Russia) |
11.0 mm |
| Puumala (98 m, Finland) |
11.2 mm |
| Puskinskie Gory (108 m, Russia) |
7.5 mm |
| Puolanka Paljakka (341 m, Finland) |
13.3 mm |
| Punkaharju Airport (83 m, Finland) |
12.0 mm |
| Pulkovo Airport (6 m, Russia) |
14.0 mm |
| Pula Airport (63 m, Croatia) |
3.0 mm |
| Puerto de la Cruz (31 m, Spain) |
0.4 mm |
| Puerto Leitariegos (1530 m, Spain) |
8.0 mm |
| Pudozh (44 m, Russia) |
11.1 mm |
| Pudasjärvi (123 m, Finland) |
4.3 mm |
| Proletarskiy (226 m, Russia) |
0.3 mm |
| Prizzi (1035 m, Italy) |
5.4 mm |
| Prestwick (27 m, UK) |
34.6 mm |
| Predeal (1091 m, Romania) |
0.2 mm |
| Pochinok (201 m, Russia) |
5.9 mm |
| Postojna (533 m, Slovenia) |
2.0 mm |
| Porvoo (22 m, Finland) |
14.6 mm |
| Porto Santo (82 m, Portugal) |
0.2 mm |
| Portglenone (65 m, UK) |
21.2 mm |
| Portalegre (597 m, Portugal) |
8.0 mm |
| Pori (9 m, Finland) |
8.1 mm |
| Ponyri (251 m, Russia) |
2.8 mm |
| Pontevedra (108 m, Spain) |
40.0 mm |
| Ponta Delgada (58 m, Portugal) |
8.8 mm |
| Ponferrada (544 m, Spain) |
7.0 mm |
| Polinya (12 m, Spain) |
0.1 mm |
| Polientes (720 m, Spain) |
0.3 mm |
| Polotsk (132 m, Belarus) |
9.6 mm |
| Poitiers/Biard (120 m, France) |
0.8 mm |
| Pointe du Raz (89 m, France) |
8.4 mm |
| Plymouth MtBatten (50 m, UK) |
30.0 mm |
| Ploumanac'h (58 m, France) |
1.2 mm |
| Ploudalmézeau (10 m, France) |
25.0 mm |
| Plasencia (415 m, Spain) |
0.1 mm |
| Pinoso (575 m, Spain) |
0.4 mm |
| Pilatus (2110 m, Switzerland) |
0.1 mm |
| Piikkiö (6 m, Finland) |
11.3 mm |
| Pico Airport (10 m, Portugal) |
92.0 mm |
| Piła (73 m, Poland) |
0.7 mm |
| Phare de Chassiron (22 m, France) |
1.0 mm |
| Petrozavodsk (110 m, Russia) |
9.7 mm |
| Petistrask (258 m, Sweden) |
6.6 mm |
| Pershore (31 m, UK) |
18.0 mm |
| Perpignan/Rivesalte (47 m, France) |
0.2 mm |
| Pembrey Burrows (6 m, UK) |
27.0 mm |
| Pellonpää (10 m, Finland) |
6.9 mm |
| Pello (86 m, Finland) |
7.3 mm |
| Pazin (292 m, Croatia) |
1.0 mm |
| Pashkovo (231 m, Russia) |
0.8 mm |
| Parkalompolo (313 m, Sweden) |
9.9 mm |
| Orly Airport (90 m, France) |
0.8 mm |
| Charles de Gaulle Airport (112 m, France) |
0.4 mm |
| Parikkala Koitsanlahti (75 m, Finland) |
12.2 mm |
| Parc Montsouris (77 m, France) |
0.4 mm |
| Panevėžys (57 m, Lithuania) |
6.0 mm |
| Pamplona (453 m, Spain) |
0.5 mm |
| Palma de Mallorca (6 m, Spain) |
2.0 mm |
| Falcone Borsellino Airport (21 m, Italy) |
1.2 mm |
| Palencia-autilla Pino (860 m, Spain) |
0.4 mm |
| Palascia (81 m, Italy) |
0.2 mm |
| Palacios de la Sierra (80 m, Spain) |
2.2 mm |
| Pakri (24 m, Estonia) |
11.8 mm |
| Pajala (166 m, Sweden) |
7.3 mm |
| Paharova (229 m, Sweden) |
8.5 mm |
| Padun (63 m, Russia) |
2.7 mm |
| Padrón (100 m, Spain) |
29.0 mm |
| Padany (128 m, Russia) |
6.5 mm |
| PAJARES - VALGRANDE (480 m, Spain) |
5.0 mm |
| Pärnu Airport (13 m, Estonia) |
10.6 mm |
| Oviedo (339 m, Spain) |
5.0 mm |
| Ourense (127 m, Spain) |
24.0 mm |
| Ushant (68 m, France) |
24.4 mm |
| Ostend Airport (5 m, Belgium) |
0.1 mm |
| Ostashkov (218 m, Russia) |
8.5 mm |
| Osmaniye (94 m, Turkey) |
1.0 mm |
| Orsha (185 m, Belarus) |
4.7 mm |
| Orsbach (230 m, Germany) |
0.1 mm |
| Orléans (125 m, France) |
0.6 mm |
| Oryol (196 m, Russia) |
2.3 mm |
| Opochka (99 m, Russia) |
8.8 mm |
| Onton (34 m, Spain) |
0.4 mm |
| Olsztyn (137 m, Poland) |
1.4 mm |
| Olonets (12 m, Russia) |
21.3 mm |
| Olbia (13 m, Italy) |
0.2 mm |
| Olands Sodra Udde (3 m, Sweden) |
0.2 mm |
| Olands Norra Udde (4 m, Sweden) |
4.9 mm |
| Okhona (145 m, Russia) |
9.8 mm |
| Oedum (62 m, Denmark) |
1.6 mm |
| Obergösgen (380 m, Switzerland) |
0.2 mm |
| Oak Park (63 m, Ireland) |
45.0 mm |
| O Carballiño (400 m, Spain) |
14.1 mm |
| Nuuksio (91 m, Finland) |
8.1 mm |
| Nuuk Airport (84 m, Greenland) |
5.2 mm |
| Nurmijärvi (111 m, Finland) |
11.8 mm |
| Nuorgam (35 m, Finland) |
9.2 mm |
| Novoye Roshchino (167 m, Russia) |
7.9 mm |
| Novo-ierusalim (162 m, Russia) |
2.0 mm |
| Nottingham/Watnall (117 m, UK) |
5.4 mm |
| Northolt (39 m, UK) |
1.0 mm |
| Norsjö (310 m, Sweden) |
7.2 mm |
| Norrköping (35 m, Sweden) |
1.2 mm |
| Norderney (11 m, Germany) |
0.4 mm |
| Nîmes/Garons (94 m, France) |
0.2 mm |
North - South